Abstract
The types and intensification of land use in the watershed affect the living organisms in aquatic ecosystems differently; this impact will also vary according to temporal and spatial scales. Understanding these interactions is crucial in the design of biomonitoring programs to detect the effect of different pollutants in freshwater ecosystems and improve watershed management and conservation strategies. Therefore, this paper qualitatively reviews biomonitoring studies in freshwater ecosystems to evaluate the impact of different land use types on multiple scales in watersheds. The paper is organized into four sections. The first section presents biomonitoring in different freshwater systems (streams, rivers, lakes, and reservoirs). In the second section, we describe the biomonitoring characteristics of the main land use types. In the third section, we explain how spatial and temporal scales affect biomonitoring. Finally, in the fourth section, we focus on biomonitoring planning and future prediction and discuss how to design biomonitoring programs and how to use models and eDNA in biomonitoring. Our review will assist in decision-making regarding biomonitoring programs in watersheds and will guide future studies on the different bioindicators for various land use types in diverse ecosystems worldwide.
Original language | English |
---|---|
Article number | 636 |
Pages (from-to) | 1-21 |
Number of pages | 21 |
Journal | Diversity |
Volume | 15 |
Issue number | 5 |
DOIs | |
Publication status | Published - May 2023 |
Bibliographical note
Funding Information:K.M. was funded by the São Paulo Research Foundation, FAPESP (processes 2021/10125-1 and 2022/03860-0), Charles Darwin University, and CSIRO. R.H.T. was funded by the São Paulo Research Foundation, FAPESP (process 2020/02375-5). D.R.M. was supported by the National Council for Scientific and Technological Development CNPq (process PQ-309763-2020-7) and the Minas Gerais Research Foundation FAPEMIG (processes APQ-00715-22 and APQ-00261-22). C.G.L. was funded by the UKRI Future Leaders Fellowship (MR/W011085/1). Partial support was provided to T.R. by the National Institute of Food and Agriculture, CSREES, the US Department of Agriculture, and Massachusetts Agricultural Experiment Station (MAES), under projects MAS00036, MAS00035, and MAS00045. The partial support given to T.R. from the US National Science Foundation’s grant no. 2120948 under Growing Convergence Research is gratefully acknowledged.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2023 by the authors.