Abstract
Background: Dietary management plays an important role in patients with kidney failure. Current dietary habits of Australians and New Zealanders (ANZ) and Malaysians with chronic kidney disease (CKD Stage 4–5) have not been adequately investigated. We report the dietary habits of people with advanced CKD and their adherence to country-specific dietary guidelines.
Methods: Participants with CKD Stage 4–5, enrolled in the Omega-3 Fatty Acids (Fish oils) and Aspirin in Vascular access Outcomes in Renal Disease (FAVOURED) trial, completed a lifestyle questionnaire at baseline on their dietary intake.
Results: Of 567 participants, 538 (ANZ, n = 386; Malaysian, n = 152; mean ± SD age 54.8 ± 14.3 years, 64% male) completed the questionnaire. Dietary fruit and vegetable intakes were higher in ANZ participants; 49% (n = 189) consumed ≥2 serves day–1 of fruit and 61% (n = 235) ate ≥2 serves day–1 of vegetables compared to 24% (n = 36) and 34% (n = 52) of Malaysians, respectively (p < 0.0001). Only 4% (n = 15) of ANZ participants met Australian Dietary recommendations of two fruit and five vegetable serves day–1. Fish consumption was higher in Malaysians with 83% (n = 126) consuming ≥2 serves week–1 compared to 21% (n = 81) of ANZ participants (p < 0.001). Red meat intake was higher in ANZ participants; however, chicken consumption was similar; 48% (n = 185) consumed >2 chicken serves week–1 and 65% (n = 251) ate >2 serves week–1 of red meat compared to 43% (n = 65) and 15% (n = 23) of Malaysians, respectively.
Conclusions: Significant regional variation in dietary intake for fruit, vegetables and animal protein is described that likely reflects cultural and economic differences. Barriers to meeting recommended dietary intakes require further investigation.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 1178–1191 |
| Number of pages | 14 |
| Journal | Journal of Human Nutrition and Dietetics |
| Early online date | 2021 |
| DOIs | |
| Publication status | Published - 20 Nov 2021 |
Bibliographical note
Funding Information:Drs Irish, Hawley, Kerr, Cass, Mori and Polkinghorne, as well as Mss Pascoe and Paul‐Brent, report having received grant support from the National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) of Australia project grant, grants from Mylan EPD (at the time of funding was Abbott Products Operations AG), and grants from Amgen Australia Pty Ltd. Dr Johnson has previously received consultancy fees, research grants, speaker's honoraria and travel sponsorships from Baxter Healthcare and Fresenius Medical Care. He has received consultancy fees from Astra Zeneca, AWAK and travel sponsorship from AMGEN. He is also the current recipient of a National Health and Medical Research Council Practitioner Fellowship. Dr Viecelli reports having received grant support from the NHMRC of Australia (Medical Postgraduate Scholarship) and the Royal Australasian College of Physicians (Jacquot National Health and Medical Research Council Medical Award for Excellence and Jacquot Research Establishment Fellowship). Dr Mori is supported by a Research Fellowship from the NHMRC of Australia (1136046). Carmel Hawley has previously received research grants from Baxter Healthcare and Fresenius Medical Care. Yeoungjee Cho has previously received research grants from Baxter Healthcare and Fresenius Medical Care and is a current recipient of a National Health and Medical Research Council Early Career Fellowship.