Exploring indoor and outdoor dust as a potential tool for detection and monitoring of COVID-19 transmission

Suparinthon Anupong; Sudarat Chadsuthi; Parichart Hongsing; Cameron Hurst; Phatthranit Phattharapornjaroen; Ali Hosseini Ali; Stefan Fernandez; Angkana T. Huang; Porames Vatanaprasan; Thammakorn Saethang; Sirirat Luk-in; Robin James Storer; Puey Ounjai; Naveen Kumar Devanga Ragupathi; Phitsanuruk Kanthawee; Natharin Ngamwongsatit; Vishnu Nayak Badavath; Wanwara Thuptimdang; Asada Leelahavanichkul; Talerngsak Kanjanabuch; Kazuhiko Miyanaga; Longzhu Cui; Asuka Nanbo; Kenji Shibuya; Rosalyn Kupwiwat; Daisuke Sano; Takashi Furukawa; Kazunari Sei; Paul G. Higgins; Anthony Kicic; Andrew C. Singer; Tanittha Chatsuwan; Sam Trowsdale; Shuichi Abe; Hitoshi Ishikawa; Mohan Amarasiri; Charin Modchang; Dhammika Leshan Wannigama

doi:10.1016/j.isci.2024.109043

Exploring indoor and outdoor dust as a potential tool for detection and monitoring of COVID-19 transmission

Suparinthon Anupong, Sudarat Chadsuthi, Parichart Hongsing, Cameron Hurst, Phatthranit Phattharapornjaroen, Ali Hosseini Ali, Stefan Fernandez, Angkana T. Huang, Porames Vatanaprasan, Thammakorn Saethang, Sirirat Luk-in, Robin James Storer, Puey Ounjai, Naveen Kumar Devanga Ragupathi, Phitsanuruk Kanthawee, Natharin Ngamwongsatit, Vishnu Nayak Badavath, Wanwara Thuptimdang, Asada Leelahavanichkul, Talerngsak KanjanabuchKazuhiko Miyanaga, Longzhu Cui, Asuka Nanbo, Kenji Shibuya, Rosalyn Kupwiwat, Daisuke Sano, Takashi Furukawa, Kazunari Sei, Paul G. Higgins, Anthony Kicic, Andrew C. Singer, Tanittha Chatsuwan, Sam Trowsdale, Shuichi Abe, Hitoshi Ishikawa, Mohan Amarasiri, Charin Modchang, Dhammika Leshan Wannigama

Molly Wardaguga Research Centre

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Abstract

This study investigated the potential of using SARS-CoV-2 viral concentrations in dust as an additional surveillance tool for early detection and monitoring of COVID-19 transmission. Dust samples were collected from 8 public locations in 16 districts of Bangkok, Thailand, from June to August 2021. SARS-CoV-2 RNA concentrations in dust were quantified, and their correlation with community case incidence was assessed. Our findings revealed a positive correlation between viral concentrations detected in dust and the relative risk of COVID-19. The highest risk was observed with no delay (0-day lag), and this risk gradually decreased as the lag time increased. We observed an overall decline in viral concentrations in public places during lockdown, closely associated with reduced human mobility. The effective reproduction number for COVID-19 transmission remained above one throughout the study period, suggesting that transmission may persist in locations beyond public areas even after the lockdown measures were in place.

Original language	English
Article number	109043
Pages (from-to)	1-16
Number of pages	16
Journal	iScience
Volume	27
Issue number	3
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.isci.2024.109043
Publication status	Published - 15 Mar 2024

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
Dhammika Leshan Wannigama was supported by Balvi Filantropic Fund and Chulalongkorn University ( Second Century Fund-C2F Postdoctoral Fellowship ), University of Western Australia ( Overseas Research Experience Fellowship ) and Yamagata Prefectural Central Hospital , Yamagata, Japan ( Clinical Residency Fellowship ). Charin Modchang was supported by the Centre of Excellence in Mathematics , Ministry of Higher Education , Science, Research and Innovation , Thailand, Center of Excellence on Medical Biotechnology ( CEMB ), and Thailand Center of Excellence in Physics (ThEP). Sudarat Chadsuthi was supported by Naresuan University and National Science, Research and Innovation Fund (NSRF) . Anthony Kicic is a Rothwell Family Fellow . The sponsor(s) had no role in study design; in the collection, analysis, and interpretation of data; in the writing of the report; or in the decision to submit the article for publication.

Funding Information:
We thank all the volunteers who kindly supported with sample collection. Also, thanks to Dr. Ong-orn Prasarnphanich at the United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Thailand for technical support and the previous Chargé d'Affaires of the United States of America to Thailand (U.S. Embassy and Consulate in Thailand), Mr. Michael Heath, for facilitating collaboration with the CDC and Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences (AFRIMS). We also thank the LGBTQIA+ community in Thailand for generous support with sample collection, TEDxChiangMai team and Martin Venzky-Stalling for facilitating platform for collaboration, and marginalized, vulnerable indigenous communities in Thailand for support with sample collection. Special thanks to Nuttawut Kietchaiyakorn for helping with the illustrations. We, the authors of this paper, embrace inclusive, diverse, and equitable conduct of research. Our team comprises individuals who self-identify as underrepresented ethnic minorities, gender minorities, members of the LGBTQIA+ community, and individuals living with disabilities. We actively promote gender balance in our reference list while maintaining scientific relevance. Dhammika Leshan Wannigama was supported by Balvi Filantropic Fund and Chulalongkorn University (Second Century Fund-C2F Postdoctoral Fellowship), University of Western Australia (Overseas Research Experience Fellowship) and Yamagata Prefectural Central Hospital, Yamagata, Japan (Clinical Residency Fellowship). Charin Modchang was supported by the Centre of Excellence in Mathematics, Ministry of Higher Education, Science, Research and Innovation, Thailand, Center of Excellence on Medical Biotechnology (CEMB), and Thailand Center of Excellence in Physics (ThEP). Sudarat Chadsuthi was supported by Naresuan University and National Science, Research and Innovation Fund (NSRF). Anthony Kicic is a Rothwell Family Fellow. The sponsor(s) had no role in study design; in the collection, analysis, and interpretation of data; in the writing of the report; or in the decision to submit the article for publication. Conception, S.C. P.H. C.H. M.A. C.M. and D.L.W.; Data collection, R.K.; Data curation, S. Anupong. P.H. C.H. P.V. T.S. M.A. and D.L.W.; Formal analysis, S. Anupong. S.C. P.H. C.H. P.V. T.S. M.A. C.M. and D.L.W.; Statistical analysis, S. Anupong and S.C.; Supervision, S. Anupong, S.C. P.H. C.H. P.P. A.H.R.S.M. S.F. A.T.H. S.L. R.J.S. P.O. N.K.D.R. K.M. L.C. A.N. K. Sei, D.S. T.F. K. Shibuya, P.G.H. A.K. A.C.S. T.C. S.T. S. Abe, H.I. M.A. C.M. and D.L.W.; Writing- original draft, S. Anupong, S.C. P.H. C.H. M.A, C.M. and D.L.W.; Critical review and editing, S. Anupong, S.C. P.P. A.H.R.S.M. S.F. A.T.H. S.L. R.J.S. P.O. N.K.D.R. P.K. N.N. V.N.B. W.T. A.L. T.K. K.M. L.C. A.N. K. Shibuya, R.K. D.S. T.F. K. Sei, P.G.H. A.K. A.C.S. T.C. S.T. S. Abe, H.I. and C.M.; Investigation, P.H. C.H.M.A.C.M. and D.L.W.; Funding acquisition, P.H. C.H. C.M. and D.L.W. The authors declare no competing interests.

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© 2024 The Author(s)

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10.1016/j.isci.2024.109043

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Cite this

Anupong, S., Chadsuthi, S., Hongsing, P., Hurst, C., Phattharapornjaroen, P., Ali, A. H., Fernandez, S., Huang, A. T., Vatanaprasan, P., Saethang, T., Luk-in, S., Storer, R. J., Ounjai, P., Devanga Ragupathi, N. K., Kanthawee, P., Ngamwongsatit, N., Badavath, V. N., Thuptimdang, W., Leelahavanichkul, A., ... Wannigama, D. L. (2024). Exploring indoor and outdoor dust as a potential tool for detection and monitoring of COVID-19 transmission. iScience, 27(3), 1-16. Article 109043. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.isci.2024.109043

@article{ae82cd85e8184242a24ea31938c5de0f,

title = "Exploring indoor and outdoor dust as a potential tool for detection and monitoring of COVID-19 transmission",

abstract = "This study investigated the potential of using SARS-CoV-2 viral concentrations in dust as an additional surveillance tool for early detection and monitoring of COVID-19 transmission. Dust samples were collected from 8 public locations in 16 districts of Bangkok, Thailand, from June to August 2021. SARS-CoV-2 RNA concentrations in dust were quantified, and their correlation with community case incidence was assessed. Our findings revealed a positive correlation between viral concentrations detected in dust and the relative risk of COVID-19. The highest risk was observed with no delay (0-day lag), and this risk gradually decreased as the lag time increased. We observed an overall decline in viral concentrations in public places during lockdown, closely associated with reduced human mobility. The effective reproduction number for COVID-19 transmission remained above one throughout the study period, suggesting that transmission may persist in locations beyond public areas even after the lockdown measures were in place.",

keywords = "Environmental biotechnology, Virology",

author = "Suparinthon Anupong and Sudarat Chadsuthi and Parichart Hongsing and Cameron Hurst and Phatthranit Phattharapornjaroen and Ali, {Ali Hosseini} and Stefan Fernandez and Huang, {Angkana T.} and Porames Vatanaprasan and Thammakorn Saethang and Sirirat Luk-in and Storer, {Robin James} and Puey Ounjai and {Devanga Ragupathi}, {Naveen Kumar} and Phitsanuruk Kanthawee and Natharin Ngamwongsatit and Badavath, {Vishnu Nayak} and Wanwara Thuptimdang and Asada Leelahavanichkul and Talerngsak Kanjanabuch and Kazuhiko Miyanaga and Longzhu Cui and Asuka Nanbo and Kenji Shibuya and Rosalyn Kupwiwat and Daisuke Sano and Takashi Furukawa and Kazunari Sei and Higgins, {Paul G.} and Anthony Kicic and Singer, {Andrew C.} and Tanittha Chatsuwan and Sam Trowsdale and Shuichi Abe and Hitoshi Ishikawa and Mohan Amarasiri and Charin Modchang and Wannigama, {Dhammika Leshan}",

note = "Funding Information: Dhammika Leshan Wannigama was supported by Balvi Filantropic Fund and Chulalongkorn University ( Second Century Fund-C2F Postdoctoral Fellowship ), University of Western Australia ( Overseas Research Experience Fellowship ) and Yamagata Prefectural Central Hospital , Yamagata, Japan ( Clinical Residency Fellowship ). Charin Modchang was supported by the Centre of Excellence in Mathematics , Ministry of Higher Education , Science, Research and Innovation , Thailand, Center of Excellence on Medical Biotechnology ( CEMB ), and Thailand Center of Excellence in Physics (ThEP). Sudarat Chadsuthi was supported by Naresuan University and National Science, Research and Innovation Fund (NSRF) . Anthony Kicic is a Rothwell Family Fellow . The sponsor(s) had no role in study design; in the collection, analysis, and interpretation of data; in the writing of the report; or in the decision to submit the article for publication. Funding Information: We thank all the volunteers who kindly supported with sample collection. Also, thanks to Dr. Ong-orn Prasarnphanich at the United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Thailand for technical support and the previous Charg{\'e} d'Affaires of the United States of America to Thailand (U.S. Embassy and Consulate in Thailand), Mr. Michael Heath, for facilitating collaboration with the CDC and Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences (AFRIMS). We also thank the LGBTQIA+ community in Thailand for generous support with sample collection, TEDxChiangMai team and Martin Venzky-Stalling for facilitating platform for collaboration, and marginalized, vulnerable indigenous communities in Thailand for support with sample collection. Special thanks to Nuttawut Kietchaiyakorn for helping with the illustrations. We, the authors of this paper, embrace inclusive, diverse, and equitable conduct of research. Our team comprises individuals who self-identify as underrepresented ethnic minorities, gender minorities, members of the LGBTQIA+ community, and individuals living with disabilities. We actively promote gender balance in our reference list while maintaining scientific relevance. Dhammika Leshan Wannigama was supported by Balvi Filantropic Fund and Chulalongkorn University (Second Century Fund-C2F Postdoctoral Fellowship), University of Western Australia (Overseas Research Experience Fellowship) and Yamagata Prefectural Central Hospital, Yamagata, Japan (Clinical Residency Fellowship). Charin Modchang was supported by the Centre of Excellence in Mathematics, Ministry of Higher Education, Science, Research and Innovation, Thailand, Center of Excellence on Medical Biotechnology (CEMB), and Thailand Center of Excellence in Physics (ThEP). Sudarat Chadsuthi was supported by Naresuan University and National Science, Research and Innovation Fund (NSRF). Anthony Kicic is a Rothwell Family Fellow. The sponsor(s) had no role in study design; in the collection, analysis, and interpretation of data; in the writing of the report; or in the decision to submit the article for publication. Conception, S.C. P.H. C.H. M.A. C.M. and D.L.W.; Data collection, R.K.; Data curation, S. Anupong. P.H. C.H. P.V. T.S. M.A. and D.L.W.; Formal analysis, S. Anupong. S.C. P.H. C.H. P.V. T.S. M.A. C.M. and D.L.W.; Statistical analysis, S. Anupong and S.C.; Supervision, S. Anupong, S.C. P.H. C.H. P.P. A.H.R.S.M. S.F. A.T.H. S.L. R.J.S. P.O. N.K.D.R. K.M. L.C. A.N. K. Sei, D.S. T.F. K. Shibuya, P.G.H. A.K. A.C.S. T.C. S.T. S. Abe, H.I. M.A. C.M. and D.L.W.; Writing- original draft, S. Anupong, S.C. P.H. C.H. M.A, C.M. and D.L.W.; Critical review and editing, S. Anupong, S.C. P.P. A.H.R.S.M. S.F. A.T.H. S.L. R.J.S. P.O. N.K.D.R. P.K. N.N. V.N.B. W.T. A.L. T.K. K.M. L.C. A.N. K. Shibuya, R.K. D.S. T.F. K. Sei, P.G.H. A.K. A.C.S. T.C. S.T. S. Abe, H.I. and C.M.; Investigation, P.H. C.H.M.A.C.M. and D.L.W.; Funding acquisition, P.H. C.H. C.M. and D.L.W. The authors declare no competing interests. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2024 The Author(s)",

year = "2024",

month = mar,

day = "15",

doi = "10.1016/j.isci.2024.109043",

language = "English",

volume = "27",

pages = "1--16",

journal = "iScience",

issn = "2589-0042",

publisher = "Elsevier",

number = "3",

}

Anupong, S, Chadsuthi, S, Hongsing, P, Hurst, C, Phattharapornjaroen, P, Ali, AH, Fernandez, S, Huang, AT, Vatanaprasan, P, Saethang, T, Luk-in, S, Storer, RJ, Ounjai, P, Devanga Ragupathi, NK, Kanthawee, P, Ngamwongsatit, N, Badavath, VN, Thuptimdang, W, Leelahavanichkul, A, Kanjanabuch, T, Miyanaga, K, Cui, L, Nanbo, A, Shibuya, K, Kupwiwat, R, Sano, D, Furukawa, T, Sei, K, Higgins, PG, Kicic, A, Singer, AC, Chatsuwan, T, Trowsdale, S, Abe, S, Ishikawa, H, Amarasiri, M, Modchang, C & Wannigama, DL 2024, 'Exploring indoor and outdoor dust as a potential tool for detection and monitoring of COVID-19 transmission', iScience, vol. 27, no. 3, 109043, pp. 1-16. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.isci.2024.109043

TY - JOUR

T1 - Exploring indoor and outdoor dust as a potential tool for detection and monitoring of COVID-19 transmission

AU - Anupong, Suparinthon

AU - Chadsuthi, Sudarat

AU - Hongsing, Parichart

AU - Hurst, Cameron

AU - Phattharapornjaroen, Phatthranit

AU - Ali, Ali Hosseini

AU - Fernandez, Stefan

AU - Huang, Angkana T.

AU - Vatanaprasan, Porames

AU - Saethang, Thammakorn

AU - Luk-in, Sirirat

AU - Storer, Robin James

AU - Ounjai, Puey

AU - Devanga Ragupathi, Naveen Kumar

AU - Kanthawee, Phitsanuruk

AU - Ngamwongsatit, Natharin

AU - Badavath, Vishnu Nayak

AU - Thuptimdang, Wanwara

AU - Leelahavanichkul, Asada

AU - Kanjanabuch, Talerngsak

AU - Miyanaga, Kazuhiko

AU - Cui, Longzhu

AU - Nanbo, Asuka

AU - Shibuya, Kenji

AU - Kupwiwat, Rosalyn

AU - Sano, Daisuke

AU - Furukawa, Takashi

AU - Sei, Kazunari

AU - Higgins, Paul G.

AU - Kicic, Anthony

AU - Singer, Andrew C.

AU - Chatsuwan, Tanittha

AU - Trowsdale, Sam

AU - Abe, Shuichi

AU - Ishikawa, Hitoshi

AU - Amarasiri, Mohan

AU - Modchang, Charin

AU - Wannigama, Dhammika Leshan

N1 - Funding Information: Dhammika Leshan Wannigama was supported by Balvi Filantropic Fund and Chulalongkorn University ( Second Century Fund-C2F Postdoctoral Fellowship ), University of Western Australia ( Overseas Research Experience Fellowship ) and Yamagata Prefectural Central Hospital , Yamagata, Japan ( Clinical Residency Fellowship ). Charin Modchang was supported by the Centre of Excellence in Mathematics , Ministry of Higher Education , Science, Research and Innovation , Thailand, Center of Excellence on Medical Biotechnology ( CEMB ), and Thailand Center of Excellence in Physics (ThEP). Sudarat Chadsuthi was supported by Naresuan University and National Science, Research and Innovation Fund (NSRF) . Anthony Kicic is a Rothwell Family Fellow . The sponsor(s) had no role in study design; in the collection, analysis, and interpretation of data; in the writing of the report; or in the decision to submit the article for publication. Funding Information: We thank all the volunteers who kindly supported with sample collection. Also, thanks to Dr. Ong-orn Prasarnphanich at the United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Thailand for technical support and the previous Chargé d'Affaires of the United States of America to Thailand (U.S. Embassy and Consulate in Thailand), Mr. Michael Heath, for facilitating collaboration with the CDC and Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences (AFRIMS). We also thank the LGBTQIA+ community in Thailand for generous support with sample collection, TEDxChiangMai team and Martin Venzky-Stalling for facilitating platform for collaboration, and marginalized, vulnerable indigenous communities in Thailand for support with sample collection. Special thanks to Nuttawut Kietchaiyakorn for helping with the illustrations. We, the authors of this paper, embrace inclusive, diverse, and equitable conduct of research. Our team comprises individuals who self-identify as underrepresented ethnic minorities, gender minorities, members of the LGBTQIA+ community, and individuals living with disabilities. We actively promote gender balance in our reference list while maintaining scientific relevance. Dhammika Leshan Wannigama was supported by Balvi Filantropic Fund and Chulalongkorn University (Second Century Fund-C2F Postdoctoral Fellowship), University of Western Australia (Overseas Research Experience Fellowship) and Yamagata Prefectural Central Hospital, Yamagata, Japan (Clinical Residency Fellowship). Charin Modchang was supported by the Centre of Excellence in Mathematics, Ministry of Higher Education, Science, Research and Innovation, Thailand, Center of Excellence on Medical Biotechnology (CEMB), and Thailand Center of Excellence in Physics (ThEP). Sudarat Chadsuthi was supported by Naresuan University and National Science, Research and Innovation Fund (NSRF). Anthony Kicic is a Rothwell Family Fellow. The sponsor(s) had no role in study design; in the collection, analysis, and interpretation of data; in the writing of the report; or in the decision to submit the article for publication. Conception, S.C. P.H. C.H. M.A. C.M. and D.L.W.; Data collection, R.K.; Data curation, S. Anupong. P.H. C.H. P.V. T.S. M.A. and D.L.W.; Formal analysis, S. Anupong. S.C. P.H. C.H. P.V. T.S. M.A. C.M. and D.L.W.; Statistical analysis, S. Anupong and S.C.; Supervision, S. Anupong, S.C. P.H. C.H. P.P. A.H.R.S.M. S.F. A.T.H. S.L. R.J.S. P.O. N.K.D.R. K.M. L.C. A.N. K. Sei, D.S. T.F. K. Shibuya, P.G.H. A.K. A.C.S. T.C. S.T. S. Abe, H.I. M.A. C.M. and D.L.W.; Writing- original draft, S. Anupong, S.C. P.H. C.H. M.A, C.M. and D.L.W.; Critical review and editing, S. Anupong, S.C. P.P. A.H.R.S.M. S.F. A.T.H. S.L. R.J.S. P.O. N.K.D.R. P.K. N.N. V.N.B. W.T. A.L. T.K. K.M. L.C. A.N. K. Shibuya, R.K. D.S. T.F. K. Sei, P.G.H. A.K. A.C.S. T.C. S.T. S. Abe, H.I. and C.M.; Investigation, P.H. C.H.M.A.C.M. and D.L.W.; Funding acquisition, P.H. C.H. C.M. and D.L.W. The authors declare no competing interests. Publisher Copyright: © 2024 The Author(s)

PY - 2024/3/15

Y1 - 2024/3/15

N2 - This study investigated the potential of using SARS-CoV-2 viral concentrations in dust as an additional surveillance tool for early detection and monitoring of COVID-19 transmission. Dust samples were collected from 8 public locations in 16 districts of Bangkok, Thailand, from June to August 2021. SARS-CoV-2 RNA concentrations in dust were quantified, and their correlation with community case incidence was assessed. Our findings revealed a positive correlation between viral concentrations detected in dust and the relative risk of COVID-19. The highest risk was observed with no delay (0-day lag), and this risk gradually decreased as the lag time increased. We observed an overall decline in viral concentrations in public places during lockdown, closely associated with reduced human mobility. The effective reproduction number for COVID-19 transmission remained above one throughout the study period, suggesting that transmission may persist in locations beyond public areas even after the lockdown measures were in place.

AB - This study investigated the potential of using SARS-CoV-2 viral concentrations in dust as an additional surveillance tool for early detection and monitoring of COVID-19 transmission. Dust samples were collected from 8 public locations in 16 districts of Bangkok, Thailand, from June to August 2021. SARS-CoV-2 RNA concentrations in dust were quantified, and their correlation with community case incidence was assessed. Our findings revealed a positive correlation between viral concentrations detected in dust and the relative risk of COVID-19. The highest risk was observed with no delay (0-day lag), and this risk gradually decreased as the lag time increased. We observed an overall decline in viral concentrations in public places during lockdown, closely associated with reduced human mobility. The effective reproduction number for COVID-19 transmission remained above one throughout the study period, suggesting that transmission may persist in locations beyond public areas even after the lockdown measures were in place.

KW - Environmental biotechnology

KW - Virology

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85184823035&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1016/j.isci.2024.109043

DO - 10.1016/j.isci.2024.109043

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:85184823035

SN - 2589-0042

VL - 27

SP - 1

EP - 16

JO - iScience

JF - iScience

IS - 3

M1 - 109043

ER -

Exploring indoor and outdoor dust as a potential tool for detection and monitoring of COVID-19 transmission

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