Lymphoedema and breast cancer

Standard treatments for breast cancer, such as axillary surgery and radiotherapy, can result in swelling of the arm, hand and fingers, which can be accompanied by adverse physical, psychological and social effects. Efforts have been made by health professionals to improve their understanding of lymphoedema and to implement strategies to minimise risk in routine practice. This monograph is based on a previously unpublished document untitled 'The Guide to Best Practice in the Management of Lymphoedema after Treatment for Breast Cancer, originally commissioned by the Department of Health (UK) as part of the Consensus Strategy for Mainly Nurse-led Major Clinical Guidelines. Details of the development, implementation and evaluation of the guidelines have been published previously (Kirshbaum 1996). The literature review is intended to provide the necessary background to understand the causes, effects and treatments associated with breast cancer related lymphoedema. The cornerstones of treatment, which consist of skin care, use of compression garments, massage, movement and exercise, advice on activities of daily living, psychological support and patient support groups are discussed.