Abstract
Background: Efficient delivery systems of Calophyllum inophyllum seed oil (CSO) in the form of nanoemulsion were optimised to enhance its stability and ensure its therapeutic efficiency as a potential agent for various biomedical applications.
Method: Response Surface Methodology (RSM) was used to determine the effects of independent variables (oil, surfactant, water percentage and homogenisation time) on physicochemical characteristics, including droplet size, polydispersity index and turbidity.
Results: The optimised CSO nanoemulsion (CSONE) has a 46.68 nm particle size, 0.15 Polydispersity index value and 1.16 turbidity. After 4 weeks of storage at 5 ± 1 °C and 25 ± 1 °C, the CSONE was physically stable. The optimised CSO nanoemulsion showed enhancement in cell viability and wound healing in baby hamster kidney a clone BHK-21 (BSR) cells as compared to the CSO. The wound healing property of CSONE was higher than CSO.
Conclusion: Thus, our in vitro wound healing results demonstrated that CSO in the nanoemulsion form can promote wound healing by enhancing the proliferation and migration of epidermal cells.
Method: Response Surface Methodology (RSM) was used to determine the effects of independent variables (oil, surfactant, water percentage and homogenisation time) on physicochemical characteristics, including droplet size, polydispersity index and turbidity.
Results: The optimised CSO nanoemulsion (CSONE) has a 46.68 nm particle size, 0.15 Polydispersity index value and 1.16 turbidity. After 4 weeks of storage at 5 ± 1 °C and 25 ± 1 °C, the CSONE was physically stable. The optimised CSO nanoemulsion showed enhancement in cell viability and wound healing in baby hamster kidney a clone BHK-21 (BSR) cells as compared to the CSO. The wound healing property of CSONE was higher than CSO.
Conclusion: Thus, our in vitro wound healing results demonstrated that CSO in the nanoemulsion form can promote wound healing by enhancing the proliferation and migration of epidermal cells.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Article number | 285 |
| Pages (from-to) | 1-15 |
| Number of pages | 15 |
| Journal | BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies |
| Volume | 22 |
| Issue number | 285 |
| DOIs | |
| Publication status | Published - Dec 2022 |
Bibliographical note
Funding Information:The authors are also grateful to the staff of the Berrimah Veterinary Laboratory for their assistance in cell culture and to the Central Analytical Research Facility at Queensland University of Technology (QUT CARF) for the Transmission electron microscopy imaging. The assistance provided by Jeremy Garnett of Top End Editing was greatly appreciated.
Funding Information:
The authors would like to acknowledge Charles Darwin University (CDU) for its financial support. CDU had no role in the design of the study and collection, analysis, and interpretation of data and in writing this manuscript.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2022, The Author(s).