@article{8718eb28aa6648dea76b47b3ec69c92c,
title = "Preexisting CD8+ T-cell immunity to the H7N9 influenza A virus varies across ethnicities",
abstract = "The absence of preexisting neutralizing antibodies specific for the novel A (H7N9) influenza virus indicates a lack of prior human exposure. As influenza A virus-specific CD8+ T lymphocytes (CTLs) can be broadly cross-reactive, we tested whether immunogenic peptides derived from H7N9 might be recognized by memory CTLs established following infection with other influenza strains. Probing across multiple ethnicities, we identified 32 conserved epitopes derived from the nucleoprotein (NP) and matrix-1 (M1) proteins. These NP and M1 peptides are presented by HLAs prevalent in 16-57% of individuals. Remarkably, some HLA alleles (A*0201, A *0301, B*5701, B*1801, and B*0801) elicit robust CTL responses against any human influenza A virus, including H7N9, whereas ethnicities where HLA-A*0101, A*6801, B*1501, and A*2402 are prominent, show limited CTL response profiles. By this criterion, some groups, especially the Alaskan and Australian Indigenous peoples, would be particularly vulnerable to H7N9 infection. This dissection of CTL-mediated immunity to H7N9 thus suggests strategies for both vaccine delivery and development.",
keywords = "HLA A antigen, HLA B antigen, matrix protein, nucleoprotein, virus nucleoprotein, allele, article, Australia, CD8+ T lymphocyte, cellular immunity, controlled study, cross reaction, cytotoxic T lymphocyte, ethnic difference, HLA system, human, human cell, indigenous people, Influenza virus A H7N9, memory T lymphocyte, normal human, peptide mapping, peripheral blood mononuclear cell, priority journal, United States, virus strain, CD8 T cells, HLA types, CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes, Cross Reactions, Crystallography, X-Ray, Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte, Ethnic Groups, HLA Antigens, HLA-A Antigens, Humans, Immunologic Memory, Influenza A Virus, H7N9 Subtype, Influenza Vaccines, Influenza, Human, Leukocytes, Mononuclear, Likelihood Functions, Mutation, Peptides",
author = "Sergio Quinones-Parra and Emma Grant and Liyen Loh and Thi Nguyen and Kristy-Anne Campbell and Steven Tong and Adrian Miller and Peter Doherty and D Vijaykrishna and Jamie Rossjohn and Stephanie Gras and Katherine Kedzierska",
note = "This work was supported by Australian National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) Project Grants AI1008854 (to K.K.) and AI1042662 (to K.K., S.Y.C.T., and A.M.) and NHMRC Program Grant AI567122 (to P.C.D.)",
year = "2014",
doi = "10.1073/pnas.1322229111",
language = "English",
volume = "111",
pages = "1049--1054",
journal = "Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America",
issn = "0027-8424",
publisher = "National Academy of Sciences (USA)",
number = "3",
}