TY - JOUR
T1 - Prioritising areas for wildfire prevention and post-fire restoration in the Brazilian Pantanal
AU - Martins, Paula Isla
AU - Belém, Liz Barreto Coelho
AU - Szabo, Judit Kriszta
AU - Libonati, Renata
AU - Garcia, Leticia Couto
N1 - Funding Information:
Funding was provided by the “Pantanal em Alerta” Project, financed by the State Public Prosecutor's Office of Mato Grosso do Sul . Authors also thanks to CNPq , Project Noleedi (grant number: 441948/2018-9 ); Project Andura (grant number: 441971/2018-0 ); the Nucleus of Fire and Wetland Studies (NFAU/PELD) (grant number: 445354/2020‐8 ); and Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation (Brazil) to the Pantanal Research Network (grant number: FINEP: 01.20.0201.00 ) and LCG thanks to L'Oréal-UNESCO-the Brazilian Academy of Sciences (ABC) for the "For Women in Science" award.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2021
Copyright:
Copyright 2022 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
PY - 2022/3
Y1 - 2022/3
N2 - In 2020, fires in the Pantanal, the world's largest continuous tropical wetland, made global news. The flames destroyed almost one-third of the biome. Furthermore, 43% of the affected area was burnt for the first time in 20 or even more years. As the combination of extreme drought and anthropogenic actions that caused these extreme wildfires is still prevalent, scientifically informed actions are necessary to prevent catastrophic fires in the future. Fire prevention, as well as restoration need to be spatially prioritised, as it is unfeasible to plan actions for the whole extent (150,355 km2) of the Brazilian Pantanal. In this study, we identified areas of high fire risk based on meteorological fire risk tendency for 1980–2020, fire intensity, last year with fire, the recurrence of fires for 2003–2020, and remaining areas of natural forest vegetation around watercourses. These native remnants include unburnt areas that can serve as refuges for fire-sensitive species and are important for fire prevention. We identified 246 km2 with high fire risk, i.e., high probability of megafires, with vegetation types that support fire-sensitive plant species. We found that while 179 km2 had high or medium natural regeneration potential, 66 km2 had low potential and needed active restoration. Over 3120 km2 have been severely degraded by recent fires. About 93% of these areas have high or medium potential for natural regeneration, where the suggested actions are passive restoration and Integrated Fire Management. We estimated the cost of post-fire restoration for areas with high and medium potential for natural regeneration to be around 123 million USD. In areas with low regeneration potential (219 km2), we suggest active restoration. The cost to restore these areas using transplanted seedlings or enrichment planting is estimated between 28 and 151 million USD.
AB - In 2020, fires in the Pantanal, the world's largest continuous tropical wetland, made global news. The flames destroyed almost one-third of the biome. Furthermore, 43% of the affected area was burnt for the first time in 20 or even more years. As the combination of extreme drought and anthropogenic actions that caused these extreme wildfires is still prevalent, scientifically informed actions are necessary to prevent catastrophic fires in the future. Fire prevention, as well as restoration need to be spatially prioritised, as it is unfeasible to plan actions for the whole extent (150,355 km2) of the Brazilian Pantanal. In this study, we identified areas of high fire risk based on meteorological fire risk tendency for 1980–2020, fire intensity, last year with fire, the recurrence of fires for 2003–2020, and remaining areas of natural forest vegetation around watercourses. These native remnants include unburnt areas that can serve as refuges for fire-sensitive species and are important for fire prevention. We identified 246 km2 with high fire risk, i.e., high probability of megafires, with vegetation types that support fire-sensitive plant species. We found that while 179 km2 had high or medium natural regeneration potential, 66 km2 had low potential and needed active restoration. Over 3120 km2 have been severely degraded by recent fires. About 93% of these areas have high or medium potential for natural regeneration, where the suggested actions are passive restoration and Integrated Fire Management. We estimated the cost of post-fire restoration for areas with high and medium potential for natural regeneration to be around 123 million USD. In areas with low regeneration potential (219 km2), we suggest active restoration. The cost to restore these areas using transplanted seedlings or enrichment planting is estimated between 28 and 151 million USD.
KW - Burnt area
KW - Climate change
KW - Fire ecology
KW - Landscape management
KW - Post-fire recovery
KW - Tropical ecosystems
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85122645752&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.ecoleng.2021.106517
DO - 10.1016/j.ecoleng.2021.106517
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85122645752
VL - 176
SP - 1
EP - 9
JO - Ecological Engineering
JF - Ecological Engineering
SN - 0925-8574
M1 - 106517
ER -