TY - JOUR
T1 - South-western Atlantic reef fishes
T2 - Zoogeographical patterns and ecological drivers reveal a secondary biodiversity centre in the Atlantic Ocean
AU - Pinheiro, Hudson T.
AU - Rocha, Luiz A.
AU - Macieira, Raphael M.
AU - Carvalho-Filho, Alfredo
AU - Anderson, Antônio B.
AU - Bender, Mariana G.
AU - Di Dario, Fabio
AU - Ferreira, Carlos Eduardo L.
AU - Figueiredo-Filho, Jessé
AU - Francini-Filho, Ronaldo
AU - Gasparini, João L.
AU - Joyeux, Jean Christophe
AU - Luiz, Osmar J.
AU - Mincarone, Michael M.
AU - Moura, Rodrigo L.
AU - Nunes, José de Anchieta C.C.
AU - Quimbayo, Juan P.
AU - Rosa, Ricardo S.
AU - Sampaio, Cláudio L.S.
AU - Sazima, Ivan
AU - Simon, Thiony
AU - Vila-Nova, Daniele A.
AU - Floeter, Sergio R.
PY - 2018/7
Y1 - 2018/7
N2 - Aim: To present an updated database of fish species recorded on south-western Atlantic reef environments and to explore the ecological drivers of the structure, the latitudinal gradient of biodiversity and the centre of endemism in this peripheral province. Location: South-western Atlantic (SWA): Brazilian and Argentinian Provinces. Methods: A database composed of 733 fish species along 23 locations in the SWA (00°55′ N to 43°00′ S) was compiled based on primary data, literature and museum records. Cluster and beta diversity analyses were carried out to evaluate faunal overlaps among locations and subprovinces. "Target-area-distance effect" and "stepping stones dispersal" hypotheses for assemblage composition were tested through Mantel tests. Relationships between the distribution patterns and ecological traits of reef fish species were investigated through generalized linear mixed-effect models. Results: Out of the 733 fish species, 405 are SWA resident reef fishes, of which 111 (27%) are endemics and 78 are threatened with extinction. Cluster analysis detected six subprovinces in the SWA structured following the target-area-distance model, and with no evidence for a latitudinal gradient in diversity. The greatest overall richness and endemic species richness were found in the east-south-eastern region. Depth range, habitat use and body size were the main drivers of SWA reef fish assemblage structure. Main conclusions: The Brazilian and Argentinian coasts constitute different provinces structured by oceanographic barriers and environmental filters. Similarities among oceanic islands indicate connectivity driven by stochastic and ecological factors. Species richness and endemism indicate that peripheral provinces may also bear centres of origin and biodiversity, patterns driven by parapatric/ecological speciation and the overlap between tropical and subtropical reef fish species. Ecological drivers of reef fish distribution, such as habitat specialization and body size, support hypotheses of speciation in the periphery. New approaches for spatial planning, marine protected areas and off-reserve marine management are essential for the conservation and sustainability of SWA reef fishes.
AB - Aim: To present an updated database of fish species recorded on south-western Atlantic reef environments and to explore the ecological drivers of the structure, the latitudinal gradient of biodiversity and the centre of endemism in this peripheral province. Location: South-western Atlantic (SWA): Brazilian and Argentinian Provinces. Methods: A database composed of 733 fish species along 23 locations in the SWA (00°55′ N to 43°00′ S) was compiled based on primary data, literature and museum records. Cluster and beta diversity analyses were carried out to evaluate faunal overlaps among locations and subprovinces. "Target-area-distance effect" and "stepping stones dispersal" hypotheses for assemblage composition were tested through Mantel tests. Relationships between the distribution patterns and ecological traits of reef fish species were investigated through generalized linear mixed-effect models. Results: Out of the 733 fish species, 405 are SWA resident reef fishes, of which 111 (27%) are endemics and 78 are threatened with extinction. Cluster analysis detected six subprovinces in the SWA structured following the target-area-distance model, and with no evidence for a latitudinal gradient in diversity. The greatest overall richness and endemic species richness were found in the east-south-eastern region. Depth range, habitat use and body size were the main drivers of SWA reef fish assemblage structure. Main conclusions: The Brazilian and Argentinian coasts constitute different provinces structured by oceanographic barriers and environmental filters. Similarities among oceanic islands indicate connectivity driven by stochastic and ecological factors. Species richness and endemism indicate that peripheral provinces may also bear centres of origin and biodiversity, patterns driven by parapatric/ecological speciation and the overlap between tropical and subtropical reef fish species. Ecological drivers of reef fish distribution, such as habitat specialization and body size, support hypotheses of speciation in the periphery. New approaches for spatial planning, marine protected areas and off-reserve marine management are essential for the conservation and sustainability of SWA reef fishes.
KW - Biogeography
KW - Conservation
KW - Endemism
KW - Evolution
KW - Periphery
KW - Threatened species
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85042604430&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1111/ddi.12729
DO - 10.1111/ddi.12729
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85042604430
SN - 1366-9516
VL - 24
SP - 951
EP - 965
JO - Diversity and Distributions
JF - Diversity and Distributions
IS - 7
ER -
