The effects of short term, long term and reapplication of biochar on soil bacteria

Thi Thu Nhan Nguyen; Helen M. Wallace; Cheng Yuan Xu; Lukas (Van) Zwieten; Zhe Han Weng; Zhihong Xu; Rongxiao Che; Iman Tahmasbian; Hang Wei Hu; Shahla Hosseini Bai

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.04.278

The effects of short term, long term and reapplication of biochar on soil bacteria

Thi Thu Nhan Nguyen, Helen M. Wallace, Cheng Yuan Xu, Lukas (Van) Zwieten, Zhe Han Weng, Zhihong Xu, Rongxiao Che, Iman Tahmasbian, Hang Wei Hu, Shahla Hosseini Bai

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

121 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Biochar has been shown to affect soil microbial diversity and abundance. Soil microbes play a key role in soil nutrient cycling, but there is still a dearth of knowledge on the responses of soil microbes to biochar amendments, particularly for longer-term or repeated applications. We sampled soil from a field trial to determine the individual and combined effects of newly applied (1 year ago), re-applied (1 year ago into aged biochar) and aged (9 years ago) biochar amendments on soil bacterial communities, with the aim of identifying the potential underlying mechanisms or consequences of these effects. Soil bacterial diversity and community composition were analysed by sequencing of 16S rRNA using a Miseq platform. This investigation showed that biochar in soil after 1 year significantly increased bacterial diversity and the relative abundance of nitrifiers and bacteria consuming pyrogenic carbon (C). We also found that the reapplication of biochar had no significant effects on soil bacterial communities. Mantel correlation between bacterial diversity and soil chemical properties for four treatments showed that the changes in soil microbial community composition were well explained by soil pH, electrical conductivity (EC), extractable organic C and total extractable nitrogen (N). These results suggested that the effects of biochar amendment on soil bacterial communities were highly time-dependent. Our study highlighted the acclimation of soil bacteria on receiving repeated biochar amendment, leading to similar bacterial diversity and community structure among 9-years old applied biochar, repeated biochar treatments and control.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	142-151
Number of pages	10
Journal	Science of the Total Environment
Volume	636
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.04.278
Publication status	Published - 15 Sept 2018
Externally published	Yes

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
We thank Australian Genome Research Facility (AGRF) for sequencing analysis at University of the Queensland. We also acknowledge Mr. Geoffrey Lambert for his laboratory assistance. We thank Ms. Thu Tra Nguyen for her assistance in graphical polishing. This study was supported by Seed Funding from University of the Sunshine Coast ( USC/CRN2012/03 ) and Griffith University (EFC-JRE) . TTNN received a scholarship from VIED and University of the Sunshine Coast (MoET-VIED/USC) . Appendix A

Publisher Copyright:
© 2018 Elsevier B.V.

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10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.04.278

Cite this

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title = "The effects of short term, long term and reapplication of biochar on soil bacteria",

abstract = "Biochar has been shown to affect soil microbial diversity and abundance. Soil microbes play a key role in soil nutrient cycling, but there is still a dearth of knowledge on the responses of soil microbes to biochar amendments, particularly for longer-term or repeated applications. We sampled soil from a field trial to determine the individual and combined effects of newly applied (1 year ago), re-applied (1 year ago into aged biochar) and aged (9 years ago) biochar amendments on soil bacterial communities, with the aim of identifying the potential underlying mechanisms or consequences of these effects. Soil bacterial diversity and community composition were analysed by sequencing of 16S rRNA using a Miseq platform. This investigation showed that biochar in soil after 1 year significantly increased bacterial diversity and the relative abundance of nitrifiers and bacteria consuming pyrogenic carbon (C). We also found that the reapplication of biochar had no significant effects on soil bacterial communities. Mantel correlation between bacterial diversity and soil chemical properties for four treatments showed that the changes in soil microbial community composition were well explained by soil pH, electrical conductivity (EC), extractable organic C and total extractable nitrogen (N). These results suggested that the effects of biochar amendment on soil bacterial communities were highly time-dependent. Our study highlighted the acclimation of soil bacteria on receiving repeated biochar amendment, leading to similar bacterial diversity and community structure among 9-years old applied biochar, repeated biochar treatments and control.",

keywords = "16 rRNA gene, Carbon, Nitrogen, pH, Photosynthetic bacteria, α-diversity",

author = "Nguyen, {Thi Thu Nhan} and Wallace, {Helen M.} and Xu, {Cheng Yuan} and {(Van) Zwieten}, Lukas and Weng, {Zhe Han} and Zhihong Xu and Rongxiao Che and Iman Tahmasbian and Hu, {Hang Wei} and Bai, {Shahla Hosseini}",

note = "Funding Information: We thank Australian Genome Research Facility (AGRF) for sequencing analysis at University of the Queensland. We also acknowledge Mr. Geoffrey Lambert for his laboratory assistance. We thank Ms. Thu Tra Nguyen for her assistance in graphical polishing. This study was supported by Seed Funding from University of the Sunshine Coast ( USC/CRN2012/03 ) and Griffith University (EFC-JRE) . TTNN received a scholarship from VIED and University of the Sunshine Coast (MoET-VIED/USC) . Appendix A Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2018 Elsevier B.V.",

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doi = "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.04.278",

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AU - Weng, Zhe Han

AU - Xu, Zhihong

AU - Che, Rongxiao

AU - Tahmasbian, Iman

AU - Hu, Hang Wei

AU - Bai, Shahla Hosseini

N1 - Funding Information: We thank Australian Genome Research Facility (AGRF) for sequencing analysis at University of the Queensland. We also acknowledge Mr. Geoffrey Lambert for his laboratory assistance. We thank Ms. Thu Tra Nguyen for her assistance in graphical polishing. This study was supported by Seed Funding from University of the Sunshine Coast ( USC/CRN2012/03 ) and Griffith University (EFC-JRE) . TTNN received a scholarship from VIED and University of the Sunshine Coast (MoET-VIED/USC) . Appendix A Publisher Copyright: © 2018 Elsevier B.V.

PY - 2018/9/15

Y1 - 2018/9/15

N2 - Biochar has been shown to affect soil microbial diversity and abundance. Soil microbes play a key role in soil nutrient cycling, but there is still a dearth of knowledge on the responses of soil microbes to biochar amendments, particularly for longer-term or repeated applications. We sampled soil from a field trial to determine the individual and combined effects of newly applied (1 year ago), re-applied (1 year ago into aged biochar) and aged (9 years ago) biochar amendments on soil bacterial communities, with the aim of identifying the potential underlying mechanisms or consequences of these effects. Soil bacterial diversity and community composition were analysed by sequencing of 16S rRNA using a Miseq platform. This investigation showed that biochar in soil after 1 year significantly increased bacterial diversity and the relative abundance of nitrifiers and bacteria consuming pyrogenic carbon (C). We also found that the reapplication of biochar had no significant effects on soil bacterial communities. Mantel correlation between bacterial diversity and soil chemical properties for four treatments showed that the changes in soil microbial community composition were well explained by soil pH, electrical conductivity (EC), extractable organic C and total extractable nitrogen (N). These results suggested that the effects of biochar amendment on soil bacterial communities were highly time-dependent. Our study highlighted the acclimation of soil bacteria on receiving repeated biochar amendment, leading to similar bacterial diversity and community structure among 9-years old applied biochar, repeated biochar treatments and control.

AB - Biochar has been shown to affect soil microbial diversity and abundance. Soil microbes play a key role in soil nutrient cycling, but there is still a dearth of knowledge on the responses of soil microbes to biochar amendments, particularly for longer-term or repeated applications. We sampled soil from a field trial to determine the individual and combined effects of newly applied (1 year ago), re-applied (1 year ago into aged biochar) and aged (9 years ago) biochar amendments on soil bacterial communities, with the aim of identifying the potential underlying mechanisms or consequences of these effects. Soil bacterial diversity and community composition were analysed by sequencing of 16S rRNA using a Miseq platform. This investigation showed that biochar in soil after 1 year significantly increased bacterial diversity and the relative abundance of nitrifiers and bacteria consuming pyrogenic carbon (C). We also found that the reapplication of biochar had no significant effects on soil bacterial communities. Mantel correlation between bacterial diversity and soil chemical properties for four treatments showed that the changes in soil microbial community composition were well explained by soil pH, electrical conductivity (EC), extractable organic C and total extractable nitrogen (N). These results suggested that the effects of biochar amendment on soil bacterial communities were highly time-dependent. Our study highlighted the acclimation of soil bacteria on receiving repeated biochar amendment, leading to similar bacterial diversity and community structure among 9-years old applied biochar, repeated biochar treatments and control.

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JO - Science of the Total Environment

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ER -

The effects of short term, long term and reapplication of biochar on soil bacteria

Abstract

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